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Section I: Questions about Canada

Aboriginal Peoples

Who are the Aboriginal peoples of Canada?
The first people to live in Canada

What are the three main groups of Aboriginal peoples?
The Constitution Act of 1982 recognizes three main groups of Aboriginal peoples in Canada: the First Nations, the Inuit and the Métis

From whom are the Métis descended?
Many early French fur traders and some English traders married First Nations women. Their descendants are called the Métis people.

Which group of Aboriginal peoples make up more than half the population of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut?
Inuit are Aboriginal people who live in Canada’s North, which includes Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, Northern Quebec and Labrador.

Why are the Aboriginal peoples of Canada working toward self-government?
To regain control over decisions that affect them and manage their own affairs

History

Where did the first European settlers in Canada come from?

In the 1600s, French settlers, who became known as Acadians, were the first Europeans to settle permanently in Canada. Over time, they were joined by settlers from the British Isles and Germany.


Why did the early explorers first come to Atlantic Canada?
To fish and trade with Aboriginal peoples

What three industries helped the early settlers build communities in the Atlantic region?
Farming, fishing and shipbuilding

Who were the United Empire Loyalists?
During and after the American Revolution (1775-1783), thousands of people left the United States. They became known as United Empire Loyalists

When did settlers from France first establish communities on the St. Lawrence River?
In the early 1600s

Which trade spread across Canada, making it important to the economy for over 300 years?
Fur trade

What form of transportation did Aboriginal peoples and fur traders use to create trading networks in North America?
Aboriginal peoples and fur traders first used them to create trading networks in North America.

What important trade did the Hudson’s Bay Company control?
The Hudson’s Bay Company controlled the northern lands and fur trade for 300 years.

What did the government do to make immigration to western Canada much easier?
During the late 1800s, the Canadian government built a railway across the Prairies to the Pacific coast. This made immigration to western Canada much easier. In the early 1900s, about three million people came to the Prairies from Europe and Britain. Many settled on land that the government offered at cheap prices to encourage settlement in the West.

Confederation/Government

What does Confederation mean?

On July 1, 1867, the provinces we now know as Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia joined together to create the new country of Canada. This is known as Confederation. Confederation was made official by the British North America Act of 1867.


What is the Canadian Constitution?
Canada’s Constitution is the system of laws and conventions that we Canadians use to govern ourselves.

What year was Confederation?
1867

When did the British North America Act come into effect?
Confederation was made official by the British North America Act of 1867.

Why is the British North America Act important in Canadian history?
Because the Confederation was made official by the British North America Act .

Which four provinces first formed Confederation?
Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia

Which was the last province to join Canada?
1999 Nunavut

When is Canada Day and what does it celebrate?
Each year on July 1, we celebrate Canada Day, the anniversary of Confederation.

Who was the first Prime Minister of Canada?
In 1867, Sir John A. Macdonald became the first Prime Minister of Canada. His picture is on the ten-dollar bill.

Why is the Constitution Act, 1982 important in Canadian history?
The Constitution Act, 1982 gave the Parliament of Canada the power to change our Constitution.


Rights and Responsibilities

What part of the Constitution legally protects the basic rights and freedoms of all Canadians?
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms


When did the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms become part of the Canadian Constitution?
1982

Name two fundamental freedoms protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

* freedom of religion,
* freedom of thought,
* freedom of belief,
* freedom of opinion and expression;


Name three legal rights protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

* be candidates in federal, provincial and territorial elections;
* be educated in either official language;
* apply for a Canadian passport;
* vote in federal and provincial or territorial elections; and
* enter and leave Canada freely.


List three ways in which you can protect the environment.

* Throw waste paper or other garbage in designated public garbage containers.
* Compost, recycle and re-use as many products as possible, such as paper, glass and cans.
* Conserve energy and water by turning off lights and taps when they are not being used.
* Walk, join a car pool, or use a bicycle or public transit whenever possible.
* Use products that are environmentally friendly.
* Plant trees and grow a garden. Avoid using chemicals.
* Get involved with a local group to protect our natural and cultural heritage.


Who has the right to apply for a Canadian passport?
Canadian citizens

What does equality under the law mean?
Every Canadian has an equal right to the protection and services of the police and the courts.

Name six responsibilities of citizenship.

* vote in elections;
* help others in the community;
* care for and protect our heritage and environment;
* obey Canada’s laws;
* express opinions freely while respecting the rights and freedoms of others; and
* eliminate discrimination and injustice.


Give an example of how you can show responsibility by participating in your community.

* join a community group such as an environmental group;
* volunteer to work on an election campaign for a candidate of your choice;
* help your neighbours;
* work with others to solve problems in your community; and
* become a candidate in an election.



List four rights Canadian citizens have.

*be candidates in federal, provincial and territorial elections;
*be educated in either official language;
*apply for a Canadian passport;
*vote in federal and provincial or territorial elections; and
*enter and leave Canada freely.


What will you promise when you take the Oath of Citizenship?
You will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada, Her Heirs and Successors, and that I will faithfully observe the laws of Canada and fulfil my duties as a Canadian citizen.


Languages

What are the two official languages of Canada?
English and French are Canada’s two official languages


Give an example of where English and French have equal status in Canada.
English and French have equal status in the Parliament of Canada, in federal courts and in all federal institutions

Where do most French-speaking Canadians live?

Quebec


Which province has the most bilingual Canadians?

Ontario

Which province is the only officially bilingual province?
New Brunswick


Symbols

What does the Canadian flag look like?
In 1965, Canada adopted its official red and white flag with the maple leaf.What song is Canada’s national anthem?

Give the first two lines of Canada’s national anthem.

O Canada! Our home and native land!

True patriot love in all thy sons command

Where does the name “Canada” come from?

In 1535, two Aboriginal youths used the Huron-Iroquois word “kanata,” which means “village” or “settlement,” to tell Jacques Cartier the way to Stadacona (site of present-day Québec City). Cartier used “Canada” to refer not only to Stadacona, but also to the entire area subject to Donnacona, Chief at Stadacona.

By 1547, the first world map to show the discoveries made on Cartier’s second voyage applied the word “Canada” to the area north of the St. Lawrence gulf and river. By 1550, maps were also placing the name south of the river. The first use of “Canada” as an official name came in 1791 when the Constitutional Act (or Canada Act) divided Quebec, then considerably larger, into the provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. In 1841, they were united to become the Province of Canada. At the time of Confederation, the new country took the name of Canada.

Which animal is an official symbol of Canada?
The beaver

What is the tower in the centre of the Parliament buildings called?
The Peace Tower


Geography


What is the population of Canada?
About 31 million people

What three oceans border on Canada?
Three oceans line Canada’s borders: the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Atlantic Ocean on the east, and the Arctic Ocean to the north.

What is the capital city of Canada?
The national capital of Canada is Ottawa, Ontario

Name all the provinces and territories and their capital cities.

Newfoundland and Labrador St. John’s
Prince Edward Island Charlottetown
Nova Scotia Halifax
New Brunswick Fredericton
Quebec Québec
Ontario Toronto
Manitoba Winnipeg
Saskatchewan Regina
Alberta Edmonton
British Columbia Victoria
Nunavut Iqaluit
Northwest Territories Yellowknife
Yukon Territory Whitehorse

Name the five regions of Canada.

* the Atlantic Region;
* Central Canada;
* the Prairie Provinces;
* the West Coast; and
* the North.


Which region covers more than one-third of Canada?
Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut

In which region do more than half the people in Canada live?
Central Canada

One-third of all Canadians live in which province?
Ontario

Where are the Canadian Rockies?
British Columbia

Where are the Great Lakes?
Between Canada and the United States

Which mountain range is on the border between Alberta and British Columbia?
Rocky Mountains

Where are the Parliament buildings located?
Ottawa , Ontario

Which country borders Canada on the south?
The United States

What are the Prairie provinces?
Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta are called the Prairie provinces

Which province in Canada is the smallest in land size?
Prince Edward Island

What is a major river in Quebec?
St. Lawrence River

On what date did Nunavut become a territory?

April 1, 1999


Economy

What are the three main types of industries in Canada?
There are three main types of industries in Canada: natural resources, manufacturing and services.In what industry do most Canadians work?

What country is Canada’s largest trading partner?
The United States

Which region is known as the industrial and manufacturing heartland of Canada?
Central Canada

Which region of Canada is known for both its fertile agricultural land and valuable energy resources?
The Prairie Provinces


Federal Government

Who is Canada’s Head of State?
Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II is the Queen of Canada and Canada’s Head of State.

Who is the Queen’s representative in Canada?
The Governor General is the Queen’s representative in Canada.

What is the name of the Governor General?
Her Excellency the Right Honourable Michaëlle Jean

What do you call the Queen’s representative in the provinces?
The provinces also have representatives of the Queen, known as lieutenant governors.

What is Canada’s system of government called?
Parliamentary government

What are the three parts of Parliament?
The Queen, the House of Commons and the Senate

Explain how the levels of government are different.

There are federal, provincial, territorial and municipal (or local) levels of government in Canada. The responsibilities of the federal and provincial governments were first defined in 1867 in the British North America Act.

In general, the federal government takes major responsibility for matters that affect all of Canada. These include national defence, foreign policy and citizenship. Provincial and territorial governments look after such matters as education, health care and highways. They share responsibilities with the federal government in some areas.

The municipal (or local) governments of each city or community are responsible for matters such as firefighting, snow removal, and recycling programs. Canadian citizens can vote in elections for all levels of government.

What do you call a law before it is passed?
When the government proposes a new law to Parliament, it is called a bill.

How are members of Parliament chosen?
Canadians elect representatives, called members of Parliament (or MPs), to sit in the House of Commons.The people who serve in the Senate are chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Governor General. They are called senators.

Who do members of Parliament represent?
Canadians

How does a bill become law?
To become law, a bill must be approved by majorities in both the House of Commons and the Senate. Once a majority of MPs and senators have approved a bill, the Governor General gives final approval and the bill becomes law.

What are the three levels of government in Canada?
There are federal, provincial, territorial and municipal (or local) levels of government in Canada.

Name two responsibilities for each level of government.

* the federal government takes major responsibility for national defence, foreign policy and citizenship

* provincial and territorial governments look after such matters as education, health care and highways
* The municipal (or local) governments of each city or community are responsible for matters such as firefighting, snow removal, and recycling programs.


What is the government of all of Canada called?

The federal government


Federal Elections

How many electoral districts are there in Canada?
Canada is divided into 308 electoral districts.

In what electoral district do you live?
The electoral district of Calgary East (Alberta) http://www.elections.ca/scripts/pss/FindED.aspx?L=e

Who has the right to vote in federal elections?
One of the privileges and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship is the right to vote.

What three requirements must you meet in order to vote in a federal election?

You are eligible to vote in a federal election or cast a ballot in a federal referendum if you are

* a Canadian citizen; and
* at least 18 years old on voting day; and
* on the voters list.


What is written on a federal election ballot?
The ballot lists the names of the candidates in your electoral district in alphabetical order.

What do you mark on a federal election ballot?
Mark the ballot by writing an “X” in the circle beside the name of your chosen candidate

How is the government formed after an election?
The Prime Minister chooses members of the House of Commons to become Cabinet ministers.

How is the Prime Minister chosen?
The leader of the party with the most elected representatives becomes the Prime Minister.

When does an election have to be held according to the Constitution?
If a majority of the members of the House of Commons vote against a major government decision, the party in power is defeated. The Prime Minister resigns and a new election is usually held.

Name all the federal political parties in the House of Commons and their leaders.
Conservative Party of Canada - Stephen Harper
Liberal Party of Canada- Stephan Dion
Bloc Quebecois - Gilles Duceppe
The New Democratic Party - Jack Layton
Which party becomes the official opposition?
The opposition party with the most members of the House of Commons is the official opposition

What is the role of the opposition parties?
The role of the opposition parties is to oppose or try to improve government proposals.

Which party is the official opposition at the federal level?
Liberal Party

Name the Prime Minister of Canada and his party.
Conservative Party of Canada - Stephen Harper

Name your member of Parliament and the party he or she belongs to.
http://www.elections.ca/scripts/pss/FindED.aspx?L=e

What is a voter information card?
Once an election has been called, Elections Canada mails a voter information card to each elector whose name is in the National Register of Electors. The card tells you when and where to vote. If you require an interpreter or other special services, it tells you the number to call.

Who has the right to run as a candidate in federal elections?
Canadian citizens who are at least 18 years old may run in a federal election.

Who do Canadians vote for in a federal election?
Canadians vote in elections for the people they want to represent them in the House of Commons.

What do political parties do?
Most candidates in federal elections belong to a political party. A political party is a group of people who share ideas about how the government should work.Members of political parties hold meetings where they discuss their ideas and opinions. They develop plans for what they would do if their candidates were elected to form the government. The plans they make are called the party platform.

Which federal political party is in power?
Conservative Party of Canada

How are senators chosen?
The people who serve in the Senate are chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Governor General.

What should you do if you do not receive a voter information card telling you when and where to vote?
Call Elections Canada toll-free at 1 800 463-6868 or visit their website at www.elections.ca.

After a federal election, which party forms the new government?
The party with the most elected representatives becomes the party in power and forms the governement.

Section II. Questions about your region

What is the capital city of the province or territory in which you live?
Edmonton

List three natural resources important to your region’s economy today.
oil and natural gas , coal , forest

Who is your city councillor, alderperson, reeve or regional councillor?
http://content.calgary.ca/CCA/City+Hall/Municipal+Government/Office+of+the+Aldermen/Ward+Offices/Ward+Communities.htm

What is the name of your mayor?
Dave Bronconnier

What is the name of your provincial representative (member of the Legislative Assembly, member of the provincial Parliament, member of the National Assembly or member of the House of Assembly)?
Art Johnston

What is the name of the premier of your province or territory?
Ed Stelmach

Which political party is in power in your province or territory?What is the name of the leader of the opposition in your province?
Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta

What is the name of your lieutenant governor or commissioner?
Norman L. Kwong - http://www.lieutenantgovernor.ab.ca/index_2.cfm?choice=welcome

Intrebarile le-am luat de aici http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/publications/look/look-22.asp
iar raspunsurile din lecturarea "A Look at Canada" http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/pdf/pub/look.pdf